The formation of Russian civilization dates back to prehistoric times, when glaciations and the process of climate change guided the process of occupation of Eastern Europe. Going into antiquity, we note the dominance of pre-Slavic peoples, who mastered the use of metal to defend themselves from warrior nomadic tribes who reached the territory.
Over time, the Slavs withstood the waves of occupation and developed an economy based on exploitation of agriculture, livestock, hunting, fishing and beekeeping. In the 9th century, the Slavic civilization established contact with the Vikings, who came into conflict with the Slavic people, named by them as “Rus”. Probably this may be one of the etymological origins of the use of the word “Russian” to denote the inhabitants of this region.
Because of its enormous territorial extension, Russia developed a slow and lengthy process of political centralization. Throughout the Middle Ages, Volga Bulgaria and the Russians of Kiev formed some more stable governmental experiments that dominated the Russian space. In the 13th century the Mongol-Tatar incursion signed a new period in Russian history.
The destruction promoted by this foreign people over dismantling all the legacy of large cities that took centuries to establish. Over two and a half centuries, the Mongols drew a vigorous process of domination that was reversed only through the efforts of military and political unification of the people of Eastern Europe.
The development of unification became known as the Renaissance period of Russian civilization, and marked the formation of a national centralized monarchy. The culmination of this process of unification happened in the government of Peter the Great, who bothered to boost the Russian economy by sending people to master the techniques of European shipping.
The action of this monarch transformed the closed and self-sufficient economic scenario, which once dominated the Russian scene. The agricultural and commercial activities began to reach a new level and the Imperial State expanded its power of domination in that vast territory. In the 19th century, the Russians had intense involvement in the wars that sought to impede the progress of the Napoleonic Empire.
Despite many achievements, Russians experienced the formation of serious contradictions within their society. The peasants and urban workers experienced a situation of misery that was diametrically opposed to the wealth of a small elite in control of productive assets and explicitly protected by the powers of Tsarist rule.
This scenario become with the legendary 1917 Russian Revolution, where workers were gradually taken by the socialist doctrines. At the time this event caused great surprise to the rest of the Western capitalist world that abhorred the development of such expertise in its fields. Since then, the Russians realized the formation of a Socialist State.
After World War II, the decisive role of Russian troops against the totalitarian forces undertook the development of Russian political influence. In contrast, the capitalist nations, represented by the United States, sought to counter this ideological advance with the imposition of so-called bipolar order. Thus, the development of the Cold War came to be experienced.
Between the 1970s and 1980s, the Russian socialist system gone through serious difficulties from a gigantic and corrupt bureaucratic structure. Thus, through the actions of Mikhail Gorbachev, Russian socialism came to an end. Since then, Russia faced the challenge of modernizing its economy and repairing the problems brought by the previous regime. Currently, the Russian nation is seen as an economically emerging country.
Over time, the Slavs withstood the waves of occupation and developed an economy based on exploitation of agriculture, livestock, hunting, fishing and beekeeping. In the 9th century, the Slavic civilization established contact with the Vikings, who came into conflict with the Slavic people, named by them as “Rus”. Probably this may be one of the etymological origins of the use of the word “Russian” to denote the inhabitants of this region.
Because of its enormous territorial extension, Russia developed a slow and lengthy process of political centralization. Throughout the Middle Ages, Volga Bulgaria and the Russians of Kiev formed some more stable governmental experiments that dominated the Russian space. In the 13th century the Mongol-Tatar incursion signed a new period in Russian history.
The destruction promoted by this foreign people over dismantling all the legacy of large cities that took centuries to establish. Over two and a half centuries, the Mongols drew a vigorous process of domination that was reversed only through the efforts of military and political unification of the people of Eastern Europe.
The development of unification became known as the Renaissance period of Russian civilization, and marked the formation of a national centralized monarchy. The culmination of this process of unification happened in the government of Peter the Great, who bothered to boost the Russian economy by sending people to master the techniques of European shipping.
The action of this monarch transformed the closed and self-sufficient economic scenario, which once dominated the Russian scene. The agricultural and commercial activities began to reach a new level and the Imperial State expanded its power of domination in that vast territory. In the 19th century, the Russians had intense involvement in the wars that sought to impede the progress of the Napoleonic Empire.
Despite many achievements, Russians experienced the formation of serious contradictions within their society. The peasants and urban workers experienced a situation of misery that was diametrically opposed to the wealth of a small elite in control of productive assets and explicitly protected by the powers of Tsarist rule.
This scenario become with the legendary 1917 Russian Revolution, where workers were gradually taken by the socialist doctrines. At the time this event caused great surprise to the rest of the Western capitalist world that abhorred the development of such expertise in its fields. Since then, the Russians realized the formation of a Socialist State.
After World War II, the decisive role of Russian troops against the totalitarian forces undertook the development of Russian political influence. In contrast, the capitalist nations, represented by the United States, sought to counter this ideological advance with the imposition of so-called bipolar order. Thus, the development of the Cold War came to be experienced.
Between the 1970s and 1980s, the Russian socialist system gone through serious difficulties from a gigantic and corrupt bureaucratic structure. Thus, through the actions of Mikhail Gorbachev, Russian socialism came to an end. Since then, Russia faced the challenge of modernizing its economy and repairing the problems brought by the previous regime. Currently, the Russian nation is seen as an economically emerging country.
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