quinta-feira, 7 de outubro de 2010

JAPANESE: The Japanese are renowned for their balance between traditions and modernity



The origins of Japanese civilization are remote and very inaccurate. However, some studies indicate that the first occupants of this territory appeared in the 3rd century BC. Among the various cultures that arise during this period of formation, we can highlight the existence of the Yayoi, Kyushu and Jomon. According to some surveys, the most remote civilizations would have come from Siberia during the Neolithic period.
The process of political unification of Japan would have happened along the Yamato dynasty, which set up the presence of a centralized state. However, to reach the 6th century, the existence of royal power was gradually losing ground to the power exercised by local chiefs. After the called Onin War, the central government lost ground to the local landlords who warred constantly with each other.
In the 7th century, local disputes and conflicts lost space for the reorganization of the Yamato dynasty, which succeeded in promoting changes that recovered the monarchy. After some disputes, the Japanese monarchy became almost hegemonic during a period of about a thousand years. At that time, it is worth noting the rise of the samurai as major military and political officials.
In the 16th century, contact with Spanish and Portuguese traders established the gradual process of opening of the Japanese civilization to the Western world. The action of merchants and Jesuit clerics marked the first time of the cultural transformations that taken place in Japan. In the 19th century, the imperialist action of USA was a key fundamental for the opening of the Japanese people to the West.
With economic liberalization forced by the military fleet of USA, the Japanese came into contact with new political ideologies. Soon, a strong nationalist movement claimed to modernize the country's institutions and an end to foreign influence in the territory. From 1868, the called Meiji Revolution ordered the Japanese industrialization and the extinction of ancient medieval institutions.
Interestingly, in a short time, the Japanese abandoned the position of nation subordinated to the imperialism to become an industrial powerhouse promoter of such dominatrix policy. The culmination of this new situation appears in the first decades of the 20th century, when the Japanese government was involved in the conflicts of the First and Second World War.
At the end of World War II, fearing the rising of a socialist neighbor power, the USA promoted the launch of the bombs of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This nuclear tragedy symbolized the reconstruction of the Japanese nation, which had no resources to recover from the terrible economic and human losses of the conflict. In the 1970s, it stirred and occupied an important role in the global economy.
Currently, the Japanese are systematically associated with the development of cutting edge technology that marks capitalism. The fields of computer science, robotics, telecommunications and racing are the most significant targets that attest to the position of Japanese forefront. Time and again, the media announce another invention or discovery from the Japanese laboratories.

Nenhum comentário:

Postar um comentário