By 1900 BC, a new process of territorial invasion decimated the dominance of the Sumerians and Akkadians in the Mesopotamian region. This time, the Amorites, a people from the south of the Arabian Desert, founded a new civilization that had as its main city Babylon. Only in the 18th century Babylonian King Hammurabi managed to pacify the region and institute the First Babylonian Empire.
Under his command, the city of Babylon became one of the most prosperous and important urban centers of all antiquity. This importance can be given even in the Bible, where there is a long mention of the ziggurat of Babel, built in honor of the god Marduk. In fact, there are several buildings, statues and works that hark back to the heyday of this civilization.
Besides promoting the unification of the Mesopotamian territories, King Hammurabi was also essential in preparing the oldest code of laws written in the world. The so-called Code of Hammurabi was known for his many articles dealing with domestic and commercial crimes, rights of inheritance, false accusations and preservation of properties.
The necessary inspiration to this set of written laws was drawn up rests in the old Law of Retaliation, which favors the principle of "eye for eye, tooth for tooth". Despite this influence, the distinctions found in Babylonian society were also considered. Thus, the rigor of the punishments led to a slave was not the same imposed to a dealer.
Even promoting many achievements and building a well organized state, the Babylonians could not withstand a wave of invasions that happened after the government of Hammurabi. At the same time as the Hittites and Kassites took portions of Babylonian domain, other revolts that developed internally make room for the hegemony of the rival kingdoms.
Between the years 1300 and 600 BC, the Mesopotamians saw the Assyrian domination, marked by the violence of its powerful military gear. Around 612 BC, the uprising of the dominated people and the invasive action of the Amorites and Chaldeans instituted the end of the Assyrian Empire and the organization of the Second Babylonian Empire, also known as Neo-Babylonian Empire.
In this new context, we emphasize the action of the Emperor Nebuchadnezzar, who reigned between the years 612 and 539 BC. During his reign, the Babylonian civilization experienced the heyday of architectural development, represented by the construction of walls that protected the city, the luxurious palaces and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, admired as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
The system of Nebuchadnezzar was also known for establishing new territorial conquests, among which stand out the region south of Palestine and the northern borders of Egypt. After this administration, the Babylonian areas were gradually conquered by the Persians, who were led by political and military baton of King Cyrus I.
Under his command, the city of Babylon became one of the most prosperous and important urban centers of all antiquity. This importance can be given even in the Bible, where there is a long mention of the ziggurat of Babel, built in honor of the god Marduk. In fact, there are several buildings, statues and works that hark back to the heyday of this civilization.
Besides promoting the unification of the Mesopotamian territories, King Hammurabi was also essential in preparing the oldest code of laws written in the world. The so-called Code of Hammurabi was known for his many articles dealing with domestic and commercial crimes, rights of inheritance, false accusations and preservation of properties.
The necessary inspiration to this set of written laws was drawn up rests in the old Law of Retaliation, which favors the principle of "eye for eye, tooth for tooth". Despite this influence, the distinctions found in Babylonian society were also considered. Thus, the rigor of the punishments led to a slave was not the same imposed to a dealer.
Even promoting many achievements and building a well organized state, the Babylonians could not withstand a wave of invasions that happened after the government of Hammurabi. At the same time as the Hittites and Kassites took portions of Babylonian domain, other revolts that developed internally make room for the hegemony of the rival kingdoms.
Between the years 1300 and 600 BC, the Mesopotamians saw the Assyrian domination, marked by the violence of its powerful military gear. Around 612 BC, the uprising of the dominated people and the invasive action of the Amorites and Chaldeans instituted the end of the Assyrian Empire and the organization of the Second Babylonian Empire, also known as Neo-Babylonian Empire.
In this new context, we emphasize the action of the Emperor Nebuchadnezzar, who reigned between the years 612 and 539 BC. During his reign, the Babylonian civilization experienced the heyday of architectural development, represented by the construction of walls that protected the city, the luxurious palaces and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, admired as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
The system of Nebuchadnezzar was also known for establishing new territorial conquests, among which stand out the region south of Palestine and the northern borders of Egypt. After this administration, the Babylonian areas were gradually conquered by the Persians, who were led by political and military baton of King Cyrus I.
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